WHO Digital Documentation of COVID-19 Certificates (DDCC)
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This is the continuous build for version 1.0.0. This version is based on the current content of https://github.com/WorldHealthOrganization/ddcc and changes regularly.

Resource Profile: DDCCTRComposition - Detailed Descriptions

Draft as of 2024-01-19

Definitions for the DDCCTRComposition resource profile.

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be found here

0. Composition
2. Composition.category
Pattern Value&lt;valueCodeableConcept&nbsp;xmlns=&quot;http://hl7.org/fhir&quot;&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;coding&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;system&nbsp;value=&quot;http://smart.who.int/ddcc/CodeSystem/DDCC-Composition-Category-CodeSystem&quot;/&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;code&nbsp;value=&quot;ddcc-tr&quot;/&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/coding&gt;<br/>&lt;/valueCodeableConcept&gt;<br/>
4. Composition.section
Control1..?
SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Composition.section. The slices are unordered and Closed, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators: , and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
  • value @ code
  • type @ focus
6. Composition.section:testresult
Slice Nametestresult
Definition

Vaccination Test Result Section lists the relvant test results received by the patient

ShortVaccination Test Result Section
Control1..1
Must Supporttrue
8. Composition.section:testresult.code
Control1..?
Pattern Value&lt;valueCodeableConcept&nbsp;xmlns=&quot;http://hl7.org/fhir&quot;&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;coding&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;system&nbsp;value=&quot;http://loinc.org&quot;/&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;code&nbsp;value=&quot;30954-2&quot;/&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/coding&gt;<br/>&lt;/valueCodeableConcept&gt;<br/>
10. Composition.section:testresult.focus
Control1..?
TypeReference(DDCC Observation)
Must Supporttrue
12. Composition.section:testresult.entry
TypeReference(DDCC Observation, DDCC DocumentReference return for QR, DDCC Test, DDCC Diagnostic Report, DDCC Specimen, DDCC Procedure)

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be found here

0. Composition
Definition

A set of healthcare-related information that is assembled together into a single logical package that provides a single coherent statement of meaning, establishes its own context and that has clinical attestation with regard to who is making the statement. A Composition defines the structure and narrative content necessary for a document. However, a Composition alone does not constitute a document. Rather, the Composition must be the first entry in a Bundle where Bundle.type=document, and any other resources referenced from Composition must be included as subsequent entries in the Bundle (for example Patient, Practitioner, Encounter, etc.).

ShortA set of resources composed into a single coherent clinical statement with clinical attestation
Comments

While the focus of this specification is on patient-specific clinical statements, this resource can also apply to other healthcare-related statements such as study protocol designs, healthcare invoices and other activities that are not necessarily patient-specific or clinical.

Control0..*
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Invariantsdom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (contained.contained.empty())
dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty())
dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty())
dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (contained.meta.security.empty())
dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (text.`div`.exists())
2. Composition.implicitRules
Definition

A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.

ShortA set of rules under which this content was created
Comments

Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.

Control0..1
Typeuri
Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies it's meaning or interpretation
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
4. Composition.modifierExtension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensions, user content
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
6. Composition.identifier
Definition

A version-independent identifier for the Composition. This identifier stays constant as the composition is changed over time.

ShortVersion-independent identifier for the Composition
Comments

Similar to ClinicalDocument/setId in CDA. See discussion in resource definition for how these relate.

NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
Control10..1
TypeIdentifier
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supporttrue
Summarytrue
LabelCertificate Identifier
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
8. Composition.identifier.use
Definition

The purpose of this identifier.

Shortusual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known)
Comments

Applications can assume that an identifier is permanent unless it explicitly says that it is temporary.

Control0..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from IdentifierUsehttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/identifier-use|4.0.1

Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .

Typecode
Is Modifiertrue because This is labeled as &quot;Is Modifier&quot; because applications should not mistake a temporary id for a permanent one.
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summarytrue
Requirements

Allows the appropriate identifier for a particular context of use to be selected from among a set of identifiers.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
10. Composition.identifier.system
Definition

Establishes the namespace for the value - that is, a URL that describes a set values that are unique.

ShortThe namespace for the identifier value
Comments

Identifier.system is always case sensitive.

Control10..1
Typeuri
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Supporttrue
Summarytrue
Requirements

There are many sets of identifiers. To perform matching of two identifiers, we need to know what set we're dealing with. The system identifies a particular set of unique identifiers.

Example<br/><b>General</b>:http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
12. Composition.identifier.value
Definition

The portion of the identifier typically relevant to the user and which is unique within the context of the system.

ShortThe value that is unique
Comments

If the value is a full URI, then the system SHALL be urn:ietf:rfc:3986. The value's primary purpose is computational mapping. As a result, it may be normalized for comparison purposes (e.g. removing non-significant whitespace, dashes, etc.) A value formatted for human display can be conveyed using the Rendered Value extension. Identifier.value is to be treated as case sensitive unless knowledge of the Identifier.system allows the processer to be confident that non-case-sensitive processing is safe.

Control10..1
Typestring
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Supporttrue
Summarytrue
Example<br/><b>General</b>:123456
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
14. Composition.status
Definition

The workflow/clinical status of this composition. The status is a marker for the clinical standing of the document.

Shortpreliminary | final | amended | entered-in-error
Comments

If a composition is marked as withdrawn, the compositions/documents in the series, or data from the composition or document series, should never be displayed to a user without being clearly marked as untrustworthy. The flag "entered-in-error" is why this element is labeled as a modifier of other elements.

Some reporting work flows require that the original narrative of a final document never be altered; instead, only new narrative can be added. The composition resource has no explicit status for explicitly noting whether this business rule is in effect. This would be handled by an extension if required.

Control1..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from CompositionStatushttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/composition-status|4.0.1

The workflow/clinical status of the composition.

Typecode
Is Modifiertrue because This element is labelled as a modifier because it is a status element that contains status entered-in-error which means that the resource should not be treated as valid
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Supporttrue
Summarytrue
Requirements

Need to be able to mark interim, amended, or withdrawn compositions or documents.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
16. Composition.type
Definition

Specifies that this composition refers to a DDCC


Specifies the particular kind of composition (e.g. History and Physical, Discharge Summary, Progress Note). This usually equates to the purpose of making the composition.

ShortKind of composition ("DDCC")Kind of composition (LOINC if possible)
Comments

For Composition type, LOINC is ubiquitous and strongly endorsed by HL7. Most implementation guides will require a specific LOINC code, or use LOINC as an extensible binding.

Control1..1
BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from FHIRDocumentTypeCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/doc-typecodes

Type of a composition.

TypeCodeableConcept
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Key metadata element describing the composition, used in searching/filtering.

Pattern Value&lt;valueCodeableConcept&nbsp;xmlns=&quot;http://hl7.org/fhir&quot;&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;coding&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;system&nbsp;value=&quot;http://loinc.org&quot;/&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;code&nbsp;value=&quot;82593-5&quot;/&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/coding&gt;<br/>&lt;/valueCodeableConcept&gt;<br/>
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
18. Composition.category
Definition

A categorization for the type of the composition - helps for indexing and searching. This may be implied by or derived from the code specified in the Composition Type.

ShortCategorization of Composition
Comments

This is a metadata field from XDS/MHD.

Control0..*
BindingFor example codes, see DocumentClassValueSethttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/document-classcodes

High-level kind of a clinical document at a macro level.

TypeCodeableConcept
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Helps humans to assess whether the composition is of interest when viewing an index of compositions or documents.

Pattern Value&lt;valueCodeableConcept&nbsp;xmlns=&quot;http://hl7.org/fhir&quot;&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;coding&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;system&nbsp;value=&quot;http://smart.who.int/ddcc/CodeSystem/DDCC-Composition-Category-CodeSystem&quot;/&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;code&nbsp;value=&quot;ddcc-tr&quot;/&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/coding&gt;<br/>&lt;/valueCodeableConcept&gt;<br/>
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
20. Composition.subject
Definition

Who or what the composition is about. The composition can be about a person, (patient or healthcare practitioner), a device (e.g. a machine) or even a group of subjects (such as a document about a herd of livestock, or a set of patients that share a common exposure).

ShortWho and/or what the composition is about
Comments

For clinical documents, this is usually the patient.

Control10..1
TypeReference(DDCC Patient, Resource)
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supporttrue
Summarytrue
Requirements

Essential metadata for searching for the composition. Identifies who and/or what the composition/document is about.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
22. Composition.subject.reference
Definition

A reference to a location at which the other resource is found. The reference may be a relative reference, in which case it is relative to the service base URL, or an absolute URL that resolves to the location where the resource is found. The reference may be version specific or not. If the reference is not to a FHIR RESTful server, then it should be assumed to be version specific. Internal fragment references (start with '#') refer to contained resources.

ShortLiteral reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
Comments

Using absolute URLs provides a stable scalable approach suitable for a cloud/web context, while using relative/logical references provides a flexible approach suitable for use when trading across closed eco-system boundaries. Absolute URLs do not need to point to a FHIR RESTful server, though this is the preferred approach. If the URL conforms to the structure "/[type]/[id]" then it should be assumed that the reference is to a FHIR RESTful server.

Control10..1
This element is affected by the following invariants: ref-1
Typestring
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Supporttrue
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
24. Composition.date
Definition

The composition editing time, when the composition was last logically changed by the author.

ShortComposition editing time
Comments

The Last Modified Date on the composition may be after the date of the document was attested without being changed.

Control1..1
TypedateTime
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summarytrue
Requirements

dateTime is used for tracking, organizing versions and searching. Note that this is the time of authoring. When packaged in a document, Bundle.timestamp is the date of packaging.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
26. Composition.author
Definition

Identifies who is responsible for the information in the composition, not necessarily who typed it in.

ShortWho and/or what authored the composition
Control1..*
TypeReference(Practitioner, PractitionerRole, Device, Patient, RelatedPerson, Organization)
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Identifies who is responsible for the content.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
28. Composition.title
Definition

Official human-readable label for the composition.

ShortHuman Readable name/title
Comments

For many compositions, the title is the same as the text or a display name of Composition.type (e.g. a "consultation" or "progress note"). Note that CDA does not make title mandatory, but there are no known cases where it is useful for title to be omitted, so it is mandatory here. Feedback on this requirement is welcome during the trial use period.

Control1..1
Typestring
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Supporttrue
Summarytrue
Pattern ValueDigital Documentation of COVID-19 Certificate (DDCC)
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
30. Composition.attester
Definition

A participant who has attested to the accuracy of the composition/document.

ShortAttests to accuracy of composition
Comments

Only list each attester once.

Control10..1*
TypeBackboneElement
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supporttrue
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Identifies responsibility for the accuracy of the composition content.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
32. Composition.attester.modifierExtension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summarytrue
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
34. Composition.attester.mode
Definition

The type of attestation the authenticator offers.

Shortpersonal | professional | legal | official
Control1..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from CompositionAttestationModehttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/composition-attestation-mode|4.0.1

The way in which a person authenticated a composition.

Typecode
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Indicates the level of authority of the attestation.

Pattern Valueofficial
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
36. Composition.attester.party
Definition

Who attested the composition in the specified way.

ShortWho attested the composition
Control10..1
TypeReference(DDCC Organization, Patient, RelatedPerson, Practitioner, PractitionerRole, Organization)
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supporttrue
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Identifies who has taken on the responsibility for accuracy of the composition content.

LabelCertificate issuer
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
38. Composition.event
Definition

The clinical service, such as a colonoscopy or an appendectomy, being documented.

ShortThe clinical service(s) being documented
Comments

The event needs to be consistent with the type element, though can provide further information if desired.

Control0..1*
TypeBackboneElement
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Provides context for the composition and creates a linkage between a resource describing an event and the composition created describing the event.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
40. Composition.event.modifierExtension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summarytrue
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
42. Composition.section
Definition

The root of the sections that make up the composition.

ShortComposition is broken into sections
Control10..*
TypeBackboneElement
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Invariantscmp-1: A section must contain at least one of text, entries, or sub-sections (text.exists() or entry.exists() or section.exists())
cmp-2: A section can only have an emptyReason if it is empty (emptyReason.empty() or entry.empty())
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
cmp-1: A section must contain at least one of text, entries, or sub-sections (text.exists() or entry.exists() or section.exists())
cmp-2: A section can only have an emptyReason if it is empty (emptyReason.empty() or entry.empty())
SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Composition.section. The slices are unordered and Closed, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators: , and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
  • value @ code
  • type @ focus
44. Composition.section.modifierExtension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summarytrue
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
46. Composition.section:testresult
Slice Nametestresult
Definition

Vaccination Test Result Section lists the relvant test results received by the patient


The root of the sections that make up the composition.

ShortVaccination Test Result SectionComposition is broken into sections
Control10..1*
TypeBackboneElement
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supporttrue
Summaryfalse
Invariantscmp-1: A section must contain at least one of text, entries, or sub-sections (text.exists() or entry.exists() or section.exists())
cmp-2: A section can only have an emptyReason if it is empty (emptyReason.empty() or entry.empty())
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
cmp-1: A section must contain at least one of text, entries, or sub-sections (text.exists() or entry.exists() or section.exists())
cmp-2: A section can only have an emptyReason if it is empty (emptyReason.empty() or entry.empty())
48. Composition.section:testresult.modifierExtension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summarytrue
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
50. Composition.section:testresult.code
Definition

A code identifying the kind of content contained within the section. This must be consistent with the section title.

ShortClassification of section (recommended)
Comments

The code identifies the section for an automated processor of the document. This is particularly relevant when using profiles to control the structure of the document.

If the section has content (instead of sub-sections), the section.code does not change the meaning or interpretation of the resource that is the content of the section in the comments for the section.code.

Control10..1
BindingFor example codes, see DocumentSectionCodeshttp://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/doc-section-codes

Classification of a section of a composition/document.

TypeCodeableConcept
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Provides computable standardized labels to topics within the document.

Pattern Value&lt;valueCodeableConcept&nbsp;xmlns=&quot;http://hl7.org/fhir&quot;&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;coding&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;system&nbsp;value=&quot;http://loinc.org&quot;/&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;code&nbsp;value=&quot;30954-2&quot;/&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/coding&gt;<br/>&lt;/valueCodeableConcept&gt;<br/>
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
52. Composition.section:testresult.focus
Definition

The actual focus of the section when it is not the subject of the composition, but instead represents something or someone associated with the subject such as (for a patient subject) a spouse, parent, fetus, or donor. If not focus is specified, the focus is assumed to be focus of the parent section, or, for a section in the Composition itself, the subject of the composition. Sections with a focus SHALL only include resources where the logical subject (patient, subject, focus, etc.) matches the section focus, or the resources have no logical subject (few resources).

ShortWho/what the section is about, when it is not about the subject of composition
Comments

Typically, sections in a doument are about the subject of the document, whether that is a patient, or group of patients, location, or device, or whatever. For some kind of documents, some sections actually contain data about related entities. Typical examples are a section in a newborn discharge summary concerning the mother, or family history documents, with a section about each family member, though there are many other examples.

Control10..1
TypeReference(DDCC Observation, Resource)
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supporttrue
Summaryfalse
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
54. Composition.section:testresult.entry
Definition

A reference to the actual resource from which the narrative in the section is derived.

ShortA reference to data that supports this section
Comments

If there are no entries in the list, an emptyReason SHOULD be provided.

Control0..*
This element is affected by the following invariants: cmp-2
TypeReference(DDCC Observation, DDCC DocumentReference return for QR, DDCC Test, DDCC Diagnostic Report, DDCC Specimen, DDCC Procedure, Resource)
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))

Guidance on how to interpret the contents of this table can be found here

0. Composition
Definition

A set of healthcare-related information that is assembled together into a single logical package that provides a single coherent statement of meaning, establishes its own context and that has clinical attestation with regard to who is making the statement. A Composition defines the structure and narrative content necessary for a document. However, a Composition alone does not constitute a document. Rather, the Composition must be the first entry in a Bundle where Bundle.type=document, and any other resources referenced from Composition must be included as subsequent entries in the Bundle (for example Patient, Practitioner, Encounter, etc.).

ShortA set of resources composed into a single coherent clinical statement with clinical attestation
Comments

While the focus of this specification is on patient-specific clinical statements, this resource can also apply to other healthcare-related statements such as study protocol designs, healthcare invoices and other activities that are not necessarily patient-specific or clinical.

Control0..*
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Invariantsdom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (contained.contained.empty())
dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty())
dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty())
dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (contained.meta.security.empty())
dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (text.`div`.exists())
2. Composition.id
Definition

The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes.

ShortLogical id of this artifact
Comments

The only time that a resource does not have an id is when it is being submitted to the server using a create operation.

Control0..1
Typeid
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
4. Composition.meta
Definition

The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content might not always be associated with version changes to the resource.

ShortMetadata about the resource
Control0..1
TypeMeta
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
6. Composition.implicitRules
Definition

A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.

ShortA set of rules under which this content was created
Comments

Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.

Control0..1
Typeuri
Is Modifiertrue because This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies it's meaning or interpretation
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
8. Composition.language
Definition

The base language in which the resource is written.

ShortLanguage of the resource content
Comments

Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute).

Control0..1
BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from CommonLanguages: A human language.
Additional BindingsPurpose
AllLanguagesMax Binding
Typecode
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summaryfalse
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
10. Composition.text
Definition

A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource and can be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety.

ShortText summary of the resource, for human interpretation
Comments

Contained resources do not have narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied). This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a "text blob" or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded information is added later.

Control0..1
TypeNarrative
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate Namesnarrative, html, xhtml, display
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
12. Composition.contained
Definition

These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, and nor can they have their own independent transaction scope.

ShortContained, inline Resources
Comments

This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags In their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels.

Control0..*
TypeResource
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate Namesinline resources, anonymous resources, contained resources
14. Composition.extension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate Namesextensions, user content
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
16. Composition.modifierExtension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensions, user content
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
18. Composition.identifier
Definition

A version-independent identifier for the Composition. This identifier stays constant as the composition is changed over time.

ShortVersion-independent identifier for the Composition
Comments

Similar to ClinicalDocument/setId in CDA. See discussion in resource definition for how these relate.

NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
Control1..1
TypeIdentifier
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supporttrue
Summarytrue
LabelCertificate Identifier
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
20. Composition.identifier.id
Definition

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
Control0..1
Typestring
Is Modifierfalse
XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
Summaryfalse
22. Composition.identifier.extension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate Namesextensions, user content
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Composition.identifier.extension. The slices are unordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators: , and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
  • value @ url
24. Composition.identifier.use
Definition

The purpose of this identifier.

Shortusual | official | temp | secondary | old (If known)
Comments

Applications can assume that an identifier is permanent unless it explicitly says that it is temporary.

Control0..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from IdentifierUse: Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known .
Typecode
Is Modifiertrue because This is labeled as &quot;Is Modifier&quot; because applications should not mistake a temporary id for a permanent one.
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summarytrue
Requirements

Allows the appropriate identifier for a particular context of use to be selected from among a set of identifiers.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
26. Composition.identifier.type
Definition

A coded type for the identifier that can be used to determine which identifier to use for a specific purpose.

ShortDescription of identifier
Comments

This element deals only with general categories of identifiers. It SHOULD not be used for codes that correspond 1..1 with the Identifier.system. Some identifiers may fall into multiple categories due to common usage. Where the system is known, a type is unnecessary because the type is always part of the system definition. However systems often need to handle identifiers where the system is not known. There is not a 1:1 relationship between type and system, since many different systems have the same type.

Control0..1
BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from Identifier Type Codes: A coded type for an identifier that can be used to determine which identifier to use for a specific purpose.
TypeCodeableConcept
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Allows users to make use of identifiers when the identifier system is not known.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
28. Composition.identifier.system
Definition

Establishes the namespace for the value - that is, a URL that describes a set values that are unique.

ShortThe namespace for the identifier value
Comments

Identifier.system is always case sensitive.

Control1..1
Typeuri
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Supporttrue
Summarytrue
Requirements

There are many sets of identifiers. To perform matching of two identifiers, we need to know what set we're dealing with. The system identifies a particular set of unique identifiers.

Example<br/><b>General</b>:http://www.acme.com/identifiers/patient
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
30. Composition.identifier.value
Definition

The portion of the identifier typically relevant to the user and which is unique within the context of the system.

ShortThe value that is unique
Comments

If the value is a full URI, then the system SHALL be urn:ietf:rfc:3986. The value's primary purpose is computational mapping. As a result, it may be normalized for comparison purposes (e.g. removing non-significant whitespace, dashes, etc.) A value formatted for human display can be conveyed using the Rendered Value extension. Identifier.value is to be treated as case sensitive unless knowledge of the Identifier.system allows the processer to be confident that non-case-sensitive processing is safe.

Control1..1
Typestring
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Supporttrue
Summarytrue
Example<br/><b>General</b>:123456
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
32. Composition.identifier.period
Definition

Time period during which identifier is/was valid for use.

ShortTime period when id is/was valid for use
Control0..1
TypePeriod
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
34. Composition.identifier.assigner
Definition

Organization that issued/manages the identifier.

ShortOrganization that issued id (may be just text)
Comments

The Identifier.assigner may omit the .reference element and only contain a .display element reflecting the name or other textual information about the assigning organization.

Control0..1
TypeReference(Organization)
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
36. Composition.status
Definition

The workflow/clinical status of this composition. The status is a marker for the clinical standing of the document.

Shortpreliminary | final | amended | entered-in-error
Comments

If a composition is marked as withdrawn, the compositions/documents in the series, or data from the composition or document series, should never be displayed to a user without being clearly marked as untrustworthy. The flag "entered-in-error" is why this element is labeled as a modifier of other elements.

Control1..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from CompositionStatus: The workflow/clinical status of the composition.
Typecode
Is Modifiertrue because This element is labelled as a modifier because it is a status element that contains status entered-in-error which means that the resource should not be treated as valid
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Supporttrue
Summarytrue
Requirements

Need to be able to mark interim, amended, or withdrawn compositions or documents.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
38. Composition.type
Definition

Specifies that this composition refers to a DDCC

ShortKind of composition ("DDCC")
Comments

For Composition type, LOINC is ubiquitous and strongly endorsed by HL7. Most implementation guides will require a specific LOINC code, or use LOINC as an extensible binding.

Control1..1
BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from FHIRDocumentTypeCodes: Type of a composition.
TypeCodeableConcept
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Key metadata element describing the composition, used in searching/filtering.

Pattern Value&lt;valueCodeableConcept&nbsp;xmlns=&quot;http://hl7.org/fhir&quot;&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;coding&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;system&nbsp;value=&quot;http://loinc.org&quot;/&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;code&nbsp;value=&quot;82593-5&quot;/&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/coding&gt;<br/>&lt;/valueCodeableConcept&gt;<br/>
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
40. Composition.category
Definition

A categorization for the type of the composition - helps for indexing and searching. This may be implied by or derived from the code specified in the Composition Type.

ShortCategorization of Composition
Comments

This is a metadata field from XDS/MHD.

Control0..*
BindingFor example codes, see DocumentClassValueSet: High-level kind of a clinical document at a macro level.
TypeCodeableConcept
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Helps humans to assess whether the composition is of interest when viewing an index of compositions or documents.

Pattern Value&lt;valueCodeableConcept&nbsp;xmlns=&quot;http://hl7.org/fhir&quot;&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;coding&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;system&nbsp;value=&quot;http://smart.who.int/ddcc/CodeSystem/DDCC-Composition-Category-CodeSystem&quot;/&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;code&nbsp;value=&quot;ddcc-tr&quot;/&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/coding&gt;<br/>&lt;/valueCodeableConcept&gt;<br/>
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
42. Composition.subject
Definition

Who or what the composition is about. The composition can be about a person, (patient or healthcare practitioner), a device (e.g. a machine) or even a group of subjects (such as a document about a herd of livestock, or a set of patients that share a common exposure).

ShortWho and/or what the composition is about
Comments

For clinical documents, this is usually the patient.

Control1..1
TypeReference(DDCC Patient)
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supporttrue
Summarytrue
Requirements

Essential metadata for searching for the composition. Identifies who and/or what the composition/document is about.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
44. Composition.subject.id
Definition

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
Control0..1
Typestring
Is Modifierfalse
XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
Summaryfalse
46. Composition.subject.extension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate Namesextensions, user content
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Composition.subject.extension. The slices are unordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators: , and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
  • value @ url
48. Composition.subject.reference
Definition

A reference to a location at which the other resource is found. The reference may be a relative reference, in which case it is relative to the service base URL, or an absolute URL that resolves to the location where the resource is found. The reference may be version specific or not. If the reference is not to a FHIR RESTful server, then it should be assumed to be version specific. Internal fragment references (start with '#') refer to contained resources.

ShortLiteral reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL
Comments

Using absolute URLs provides a stable scalable approach suitable for a cloud/web context, while using relative/logical references provides a flexible approach suitable for use when trading across closed eco-system boundaries. Absolute URLs do not need to point to a FHIR RESTful server, though this is the preferred approach. If the URL conforms to the structure "/[type]/[id]" then it should be assumed that the reference is to a FHIR RESTful server.

Control1..1
This element is affected by the following invariants: ref-1
Typestring
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Supporttrue
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
50. Composition.subject.type
Definition

The expected type of the target of the reference. If both Reference.type and Reference.reference are populated and Reference.reference is a FHIR URL, both SHALL be consistent.

ShortType the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient")
Comments

This element is used to indicate the type of the target of the reference. This may be used which ever of the other elements are populated (or not). In some cases, the type of the target may be determined by inspection of the reference (e.g. a RESTful URL) or by resolving the target of the reference; if both the type and a reference is provided, the reference SHALL resolve to a resource of the same type as that specified.

Control0..1
BindingUnless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from ResourceType: Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
Typeuri
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
52. Composition.subject.identifier
Definition

An identifier for the target resource. This is used when there is no way to reference the other resource directly, either because the entity it represents is not available through a FHIR server, or because there is no way for the author of the resource to convert a known identifier to an actual location. There is no requirement that a Reference.identifier point to something that is actually exposed as a FHIR instance, but it SHALL point to a business concept that would be expected to be exposed as a FHIR instance, and that instance would need to be of a FHIR resource type allowed by the reference.

ShortLogical reference, when literal reference is not known
Comments

When an identifier is provided in place of a reference, any system processing the reference will only be able to resolve the identifier to a reference if it understands the business context in which the identifier is used. Sometimes this is global (e.g. a national identifier) but often it is not. For this reason, none of the useful mechanisms described for working with references (e.g. chaining, includes) are possible, nor should servers be expected to be able resolve the reference. Servers may accept an identifier based reference untouched, resolve it, and/or reject it - see CapabilityStatement.rest.resource.referencePolicy.

NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
Control0..1
TypeIdentifier
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
54. Composition.subject.display
Definition

Plain text narrative that identifies the resource in addition to the resource reference.

ShortText alternative for the resource
Comments

This is generally not the same as the Resource.text of the referenced resource. The purpose is to identify what's being referenced, not to fully describe it.

Control0..1
Typestring
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
56. Composition.encounter
Definition

Describes the clinical encounter or type of care this documentation is associated with.

ShortContext of the Composition
Control0..1
TypeReference(Encounter)
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Provides context for the composition and supports searching.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
58. Composition.date
Definition

The composition editing time, when the composition was last logically changed by the author.

ShortComposition editing time
Comments

The Last Modified Date on the composition may be after the date of the document was attested without being changed.

Control1..1
TypedateTime
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summarytrue
Requirements

dateTime is used for tracking, organizing versions and searching. Note that this is the time of authoring. When packaged in a document, Bundle.timestamp is the date of packaging.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
60. Composition.author
Definition

Identifies who is responsible for the information in the composition, not necessarily who typed it in.

ShortWho and/or what authored the composition
Control1..*
TypeReference(Practitioner, PractitionerRole, Device, Patient, RelatedPerson, Organization)
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Identifies who is responsible for the content.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
62. Composition.title
Definition

Official human-readable label for the composition.

ShortHuman Readable name/title
Comments

For many compositions, the title is the same as the text or a display name of Composition.type (e.g. a "consultation" or "progress note"). Note that CDA does not make title mandatory, but there are no known cases where it is useful for title to be omitted, so it is mandatory here. Feedback on this requirement is welcome during the trial use period.

Control1..1
Typestring
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Must Supporttrue
Summarytrue
Pattern ValueDigital Documentation of COVID-19 Certificate (DDCC)
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
64. Composition.confidentiality
Definition

The code specifying the level of confidentiality of the Composition.

ShortAs defined by affinity domain
Comments

The exact use of this element, and enforcement and issues related to highly sensitive documents are out of scope for the base specification, and delegated to implementation profiles (see security section). This element is labeled as a modifier because highly confidential documents must not be treated as if they are not.

Control0..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from v3.ConfidentialityClassification (2014-03-26): Codes specifying the level of confidentiality of the composition.
Typecode
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
66. Composition.attester
Definition

A participant who has attested to the accuracy of the composition/document.

ShortAttests to accuracy of composition
Comments

Only list each attester once.

Control1..1
TypeBackboneElement
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supporttrue
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Identifies responsibility for the accuracy of the composition content.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
68. Composition.attester.id
Definition

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
Control0..1
Typestring
Is Modifierfalse
XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
Summaryfalse
70. Composition.attester.extension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate Namesextensions, user content
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
72. Composition.attester.modifierExtension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summarytrue
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
74. Composition.attester.mode
Definition

The type of attestation the authenticator offers.

Shortpersonal | professional | legal | official
Control1..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from CompositionAttestationMode: The way in which a person authenticated a composition.
Typecode
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Indicates the level of authority of the attestation.

Pattern Valueofficial
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
76. Composition.attester.time
Definition

When the composition was attested by the party.

ShortWhen the composition was attested
Control0..1
TypedateTime
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Identifies when the information in the composition was deemed accurate. (Things may have changed since then.).

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
78. Composition.attester.party
Definition

Who attested the composition in the specified way.

ShortWho attested the composition
Control1..1
TypeReference(DDCC Organization)
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supporttrue
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Identifies who has taken on the responsibility for accuracy of the composition content.

LabelCertificate issuer
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
80. Composition.custodian
Definition

Identifies the organization or group who is responsible for ongoing maintenance of and access to the composition/document information.

ShortOrganization which maintains the composition
Comments

This is useful when documents are derived from a composition - provides guidance for how to get the latest version of the document. This is optional because this is sometimes not known by the authoring system, and can be inferred by context. However, it is important that this information be known when working with a derived document, so providing a custodian is encouraged.

Control0..1
TypeReference(Organization)
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Identifies where to go to find the current version, where to report issues, etc.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
82. Composition.relatesTo
Definition

Relationships that this composition has with other compositions or documents that already exist.

ShortRelationships to other compositions/documents
Comments

A document is a version specific composition.

Control0..*
TypeBackboneElement
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
84. Composition.relatesTo.id
Definition

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
Control0..1
Typestring
Is Modifierfalse
XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
Summaryfalse
86. Composition.relatesTo.extension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate Namesextensions, user content
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
88. Composition.relatesTo.modifierExtension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summarytrue
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
90. Composition.relatesTo.code
Definition

The type of relationship that this composition has with anther composition or document.

Shortreplaces | transforms | signs | appends
Comments

If this document appends another document, then the document cannot be fully understood without also accessing the referenced document.

Control1..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from DocumentRelationshipType: The type of relationship between documents.
Typecode
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summaryfalse
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
92. Composition.relatesTo.target[x]
Definition

The target composition/document of this relationship.

ShortTarget of the relationship
Control1..1
TypeChoice of: Identifier, Reference(Composition)
[x] NoteSee Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x]
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
94. Composition.event
Definition

The clinical service, such as a colonoscopy or an appendectomy, being documented.

ShortThe clinical service(s) being documented
Comments

The event needs to be consistent with the type element, though can provide further information if desired.

Control0..1
TypeBackboneElement
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Requirements

Provides context for the composition and creates a linkage between a resource describing an event and the composition created describing the event.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
96. Composition.event.id
Definition

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
Control0..1
Typestring
Is Modifierfalse
XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
Summaryfalse
98. Composition.event.extension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate Namesextensions, user content
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
100. Composition.event.modifierExtension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summarytrue
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
102. Composition.event.code
Definition

This list of codes represents the main clinical acts, such as a colonoscopy or an appendectomy, being documented. In some cases, the event is inherent in the typeCode, such as a "History and Physical Report" in which the procedure being documented is necessarily a "History and Physical" act.

ShortCode(s) that apply to the event being documented
Comments

An event can further specialize the act inherent in the typeCode, such as where it is simply "Procedure Report" and the procedure was a "colonoscopy". If one or more eventCodes are included, they SHALL NOT conflict with the values inherent in the classCode, practiceSettingCode or typeCode, as such a conflict would create an ambiguous situation. This short list of codes is provided to be used as key words for certain types of queries.

Control0..*
BindingFor example codes, see v3 Code System ActCode: This list of codes represents the main clinical acts being documented.
TypeCodeableConcept
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
104. Composition.event.period
Definition

The period of time covered by the documentation. There is no assertion that the documentation is a complete representation for this period, only that it documents events during this time.

ShortThe period covered by the documentation
Control0..1
TypePeriod
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
106. Composition.event.period.id
Definition

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
Control0..1
Typestring
Is Modifierfalse
XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
Summaryfalse
108. Composition.event.period.extension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate Namesextensions, user content
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Composition.event.period.extension. The slices are unordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators: , and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
  • value @ url
110. Composition.event.period.start
Definition

The start of the period. The boundary is inclusive.

ShortStarting time with inclusive boundary
Comments

If the low element is missing, the meaning is that the low boundary is not known.

Control0..1
This element is affected by the following invariants: per-1
TypedateTime
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summarytrue
LabelCertificate valid from
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
112. Composition.event.period.end
Definition

The end of the period. If the end of the period is missing, it means no end was known or planned at the time the instance was created. The start may be in the past, and the end date in the future, which means that period is expected/planned to end at that time.

ShortEnd time with inclusive boundary, if not ongoing
Comments

The high value includes any matching date/time. i.e. 2012-02-03T10:00:00 is in a period that has an end value of 2012-02-03.

Control0..1
This element is affected by the following invariants: per-1
TypedateTime
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summarytrue
LabelCertificate valid until
Meaning if MissingIf the end of the period is missing, it means that the period is ongoing
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
114. Composition.event.detail
Definition

The description and/or reference of the event(s) being documented. For example, this could be used to document such a colonoscopy or an appendectomy.

ShortThe event(s) being documented
Control0..*
TypeReference(Resource)
Is Modifierfalse
Summarytrue
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
116. Composition.section
Definition

The root of the sections that make up the composition.

ShortComposition is broken into sections
Control1..*
TypeBackboneElement
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Invariantscmp-1: A section must contain at least one of text, entries, or sub-sections (text.exists() or entry.exists() or section.exists())
cmp-2: A section can only have an emptyReason if it is empty (emptyReason.empty() or entry.empty())
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on Composition.section. The slices are unordered and Closed, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators: , and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
  • value @ code
  • type @ focus
118. Composition.section.id
Definition

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
Control0..1
Typestring
Is Modifierfalse
XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
Summaryfalse
120. Composition.section.extension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate Namesextensions, user content
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
122. Composition.section.modifierExtension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summarytrue
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
124. Composition.section.title
Definition

The label for this particular section. This will be part of the rendered content for the document, and is often used to build a table of contents.

ShortLabel for section (e.g. for ToC)
Comments

The title identifies the section for a human reader. The title must be consistent with the narrative of the resource that is the target of the section.content reference. Generally, sections SHOULD have titles, but in some documents, it is unnecessary or inappropriate. Typically, this is where a section has subsections that have their own adequately distinguishing title, or documents that only have a single section. Most Implementation Guides will make section title to be a required element.

Control0..1
Typestring
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Section headings are often standardized for different types of documents. They give guidance to humans on how the document is organized.

Alternate Namesheader, label, caption
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
126. Composition.section.code
Definition

A code identifying the kind of content contained within the section. This must be consistent with the section title.

ShortClassification of section (recommended)
Comments

The code identifies the section for an automated processor of the document. This is particularly relevant when using profiles to control the structure of the document.

Control0..1
BindingFor example codes, see DocumentSectionCodes: Classification of a section of a composition/document.
TypeCodeableConcept
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Provides computable standardized labels to topics within the document.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
128. Composition.section.author
Definition

Identifies who is responsible for the information in this section, not necessarily who typed it in.

ShortWho and/or what authored the section
Control0..*
TypeReference(Practitioner, PractitionerRole, Device, Patient, RelatedPerson, Organization)
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Identifies who is responsible for the content.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
130. Composition.section.focus
Definition

The actual focus of the section when it is not the subject of the composition, but instead represents something or someone associated with the subject such as (for a patient subject) a spouse, parent, fetus, or donor. If not focus is specified, the focus is assumed to be focus of the parent section, or, for a section in the Composition itself, the subject of the composition. Sections with a focus SHALL only include resources where the logical subject (patient, subject, focus, etc.) matches the section focus, or the resources have no logical subject (few resources).

ShortWho/what the section is about, when it is not about the subject of composition
Comments

Typically, sections in a doument are about the subject of the document, whether that is a patient, or group of patients, location, or device, or whatever. For some kind of documents, some sections actually contain data about related entities. Typical examples are a section in a newborn discharge summary concerning the mother, or family history documents, with a section about each family member, though there are many other examples.

Control0..1
TypeReference(Resource)
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
132. Composition.section.text
Definition

A human-readable narrative that contains the attested content of the section, used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative.

ShortText summary of the section, for human interpretation
Comments

Document profiles may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety.

Control0..1
This element is affected by the following invariants: cmp-1
TypeNarrative
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
134. Composition.section.mode
Definition

How the entry list was prepared - whether it is a working list that is suitable for being maintained on an ongoing basis, or if it represents a snapshot of a list of items from another source, or whether it is a prepared list where items may be marked as added, modified or deleted.

Shortworking | snapshot | changes
Comments

This element is labeled as a modifier because a change list must not be misunderstood as a complete list.

Control0..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from ListMode: The processing mode that applies to this section.
Typecode
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Sections are used in various ways, and it must be known in what way it is safe to use the entries in them.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
136. Composition.section.orderedBy
Definition

Specifies the order applied to the items in the section entries.

ShortOrder of section entries
Comments

Applications SHOULD render ordered lists in the order provided, but MAY allow users to re-order based on their own preferences as well. If there is no order specified, the order is unknown, though there may still be some order.

Control0..1
BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from ListOrderCodes: What order applies to the items in the entry.
TypeCodeableConcept
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Important for presentation and rendering. Lists may be sorted to place more important information first or to group related entries.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
138. Composition.section.entry
Definition

A reference to the actual resource from which the narrative in the section is derived.

ShortA reference to data that supports this section
Comments

If there are no entries in the list, an emptyReason SHOULD be provided.

Control0..*
This element is affected by the following invariants: cmp-2
TypeReference(Resource)
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
140. Composition.section.emptyReason
Definition

If the section is empty, why the list is empty. An empty section typically has some text explaining the empty reason.

ShortWhy the section is empty
Comments

The various reasons for an empty section make a significant interpretation to its interpretation. Note that this code is for use when the entire section content has been suppressed, and not for when individual items are omitted - implementers may consider using a text note or a flag on an entry in these cases.

Control0..1
This element is affected by the following invariants: cmp-2
BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from ListEmptyReasons: If a section is empty, why it is empty.
TypeCodeableConcept
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Allows capturing things like "none exist" or "not asked" which can be important for most lists.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
142. Composition.section.section
Definition

A nested sub-section within this section.

ShortNested Section
Comments

Nested sections are primarily used to help human readers navigate to particular portions of the document.

Control0..*
This element is affected by the following invariants: cmp-1
TypeSee ttp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Composition#Composition.section
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
144. Composition.section:testresult
Slice Nametestresult
Definition

Vaccination Test Result Section lists the relvant test results received by the patient

ShortVaccination Test Result Section
Control1..1
TypeBackboneElement
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supporttrue
Summaryfalse
Invariantscmp-1: A section must contain at least one of text, entries, or sub-sections (text.exists() or entry.exists() or section.exists())
cmp-2: A section can only have an emptyReason if it is empty (emptyReason.empty() or entry.empty())
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
146. Composition.section:testresult.id
Definition

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

ShortUnique id for inter-element referencing
Control0..1
Typestring
Is Modifierfalse
XML FormatIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
Summaryfalse
148. Composition.section:testresult.extension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

ShortAdditional content defined by implementations
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Alternate Namesextensions, user content
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
150. Composition.section:testresult.modifierExtension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

ShortExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue because Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them
Summarytrue
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (extension.exists() != value.exists())
152. Composition.section:testresult.title
Definition

The label for this particular section. This will be part of the rendered content for the document, and is often used to build a table of contents.

ShortLabel for section (e.g. for ToC)
Comments

The title identifies the section for a human reader. The title must be consistent with the narrative of the resource that is the target of the section.content reference. Generally, sections SHOULD have titles, but in some documents, it is unnecessary or inappropriate. Typically, this is where a section has subsections that have their own adequately distinguishing title, or documents that only have a single section. Most Implementation Guides will make section title to be a required element.

Control0..1
Typestring
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Section headings are often standardized for different types of documents. They give guidance to humans on how the document is organized.

Alternate Namesheader, label, caption
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
154. Composition.section:testresult.code
Definition

A code identifying the kind of content contained within the section. This must be consistent with the section title.

ShortClassification of section (recommended)
Comments

The code identifies the section for an automated processor of the document. This is particularly relevant when using profiles to control the structure of the document.

Control1..1
BindingFor example codes, see DocumentSectionCodes: Classification of a section of a composition/document.
TypeCodeableConcept
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Provides computable standardized labels to topics within the document.

Pattern Value&lt;valueCodeableConcept&nbsp;xmlns=&quot;http://hl7.org/fhir&quot;&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;coding&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;system&nbsp;value=&quot;http://loinc.org&quot;/&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;code&nbsp;value=&quot;30954-2&quot;/&gt;<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/coding&gt;<br/>&lt;/valueCodeableConcept&gt;<br/>
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
156. Composition.section:testresult.author
Definition

Identifies who is responsible for the information in this section, not necessarily who typed it in.

ShortWho and/or what authored the section
Control0..*
TypeReference(Practitioner, PractitionerRole, Device, Patient, RelatedPerson, Organization)
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Identifies who is responsible for the content.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
158. Composition.section:testresult.focus
Definition

The actual focus of the section when it is not the subject of the composition, but instead represents something or someone associated with the subject such as (for a patient subject) a spouse, parent, fetus, or donor. If not focus is specified, the focus is assumed to be focus of the parent section, or, for a section in the Composition itself, the subject of the composition. Sections with a focus SHALL only include resources where the logical subject (patient, subject, focus, etc.) matches the section focus, or the resources have no logical subject (few resources).

ShortWho/what the section is about, when it is not about the subject of composition
Comments

Typically, sections in a doument are about the subject of the document, whether that is a patient, or group of patients, location, or device, or whatever. For some kind of documents, some sections actually contain data about related entities. Typical examples are a section in a newborn discharge summary concerning the mother, or family history documents, with a section about each family member, though there are many other examples.

Control1..1
TypeReference(DDCC Observation)
Is Modifierfalse
Must Supporttrue
Summaryfalse
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
160. Composition.section:testresult.text
Definition

A human-readable narrative that contains the attested content of the section, used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative.

ShortText summary of the section, for human interpretation
Comments

Document profiles may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety.

Control0..1
This element is affected by the following invariants: cmp-1
TypeNarrative
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
162. Composition.section:testresult.mode
Definition

How the entry list was prepared - whether it is a working list that is suitable for being maintained on an ongoing basis, or if it represents a snapshot of a list of items from another source, or whether it is a prepared list where items may be marked as added, modified or deleted.

Shortworking | snapshot | changes
Comments

This element is labeled as a modifier because a change list must not be misunderstood as a complete list.

Control0..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from ListMode: The processing mode that applies to this section.
Typecode
Is Modifierfalse
Primitive ValueThis primitive element may be present, or absent, or replaced by an extension
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Sections are used in various ways, and it must be known in what way it is safe to use the entries in them.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
164. Composition.section:testresult.orderedBy
Definition

Specifies the order applied to the items in the section entries.

ShortOrder of section entries
Comments

Applications SHOULD render ordered lists in the order provided, but MAY allow users to re-order based on their own preferences as well. If there is no order specified, the order is unknown, though there may still be some order.

Control0..1
BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from ListOrderCodes: What order applies to the items in the entry.
TypeCodeableConcept
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Important for presentation and rendering. Lists may be sorted to place more important information first or to group related entries.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
166. Composition.section:testresult.entry
Definition

A reference to the actual resource from which the narrative in the section is derived.

ShortA reference to data that supports this section
Comments

If there are no entries in the list, an emptyReason SHOULD be provided.

Control0..*
This element is affected by the following invariants: cmp-2
TypeReference(DDCC Observation, DDCC DocumentReference return for QR, DDCC Test, DDCC Diagnostic Report, DDCC Specimen, DDCC Procedure)
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
168. Composition.section:testresult.emptyReason
Definition

If the section is empty, why the list is empty. An empty section typically has some text explaining the empty reason.

ShortWhy the section is empty
Comments

The various reasons for an empty section make a significant interpretation to its interpretation. Note that this code is for use when the entire section content has been suppressed, and not for when individual items are omitted - implementers may consider using a text note or a flag on an entry in these cases.

Control0..1
This element is affected by the following invariants: cmp-2
BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from ListEmptyReasons: If a section is empty, why it is empty.
TypeCodeableConcept
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Requirements

Allows capturing things like "none exist" or "not asked" which can be important for most lists.

Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
170. Composition.section:testresult.section
Definition

A nested sub-section within this section.

ShortNested Section
Comments

Nested sections are primarily used to help human readers navigate to particular portions of the document.

Control0..*
This element is affected by the following invariants: cmp-1
TypeSee ttp://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Composition#Composition.section
Is Modifierfalse
Summaryfalse
Invariantsele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))